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Yemen home > Traditional Industries

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Traditional Industries

Inherited industries…The highbred history... Deep roots … Resist time

Pottery:

It has been appeared as a useful substance, since the beginning of the human need for utensils. The pottery, which is still manufactured in the villages until the seventies, it is used in practical purposes. It includes utensils with soft service in order to keep the water cold as well as some other utensils for cooking and mugs. The level and methods of production depend on the quality of available clay, for example, if the quality of the clay is low, the methods of making pottery will be a primitive. Hais, a city located in Hodeidah, has got fame by making such pottery

Pottery passes with several stages before it comes ready to use, it begins with the separation of soil from the impurities and then it is soused in water basins made especially for this purpose.

Clay preparation: The good kind of clay is preferable, the pottery maker sometimes need to dig deeply in the ground to find it.

Dough: This art should be on the ground by treading by feet and using hands continuously till the clay become soft and ready to be formed.

Al-Doliea: This process is being done by a machine called Al- Dolab or Al-Gazal Al-Lawlabi (spiral wheel). The process starts when the pottery maker put a piece of clay at the top of Al-Dolab. By using foot movement on the wheel with a quick regular screw, the pottery maker uses his hands skillfully to press the clay ball from the top to the bottom and vice versa. The clay takes its form that was in the maker's imagination. There are some products such as (Allorie, Censer, Jar, Mugs, Al-Matleeb, Cups, Haisie and vessels use for Al-saltah, Fatah and Al-Aseed).

Painting Pottery: Painting is a substance uses to give these utensils a beautiful golden paint that helps finally to the pottery utensils to be ready for use. In a rudimental way the preparation of painting being make form (carbon) which can be found in batteries, only the professional makers can do it.

There are many important places cross-country have fame of making pottery like: Tahamah, Hais, Zabeed, Al-Jarahie, Bait Al-Faqeeh, then the two Ossabs, Raimah, Al-Hojarya area and many places in Sana'a, Hadramout, and others. These areas have saved their traditional style of pottery forms and their various bright colors.

Yemeni Cheese:

Popular Markets are the most famous markets offering the Yemeni Cheese, which is natural and home-made. Also, it is considered as one of the most important elements of tourist attraction; of course, it is one of the important Yemeni economic incomes. Making cheese resounds in different areas of countryside. It is home-made, it export to Yemeni cities and different countries over the world also.

Yemeni cheese is considered as the most delicious breakfast for many Yemenis and visitors who come to the popular restaurants that offer Yemeni cheese breakfast and other meals such as "Al-Sahaweq" the mixture of tomatoes with Yemeni Cheese.

Preparation: It is easy to be prepared, so that is why it is home-made. It prepared by boiling milk of goats or cows on a stilly fire, then it freezes by something called Leqah Al-Jadei (lamb or young goat's food gets form its colon after slaughter).

General shape: Discoid shape skews to red color with good smell and fresh taste.
Prices: Start from YER 500 to 2,000.

Expire: Yemeni Cheese expires after 15 days. The perfect Cheese expires after 5 days. But the cheese with salt expires after one month. Other feature of Yemeni Cheese is going to be atrophy during its days and becomes cadaverous, but if you put it in water will recall its pervious attractive and good shape.

 
Boucle Basting Manufacture:

Basting has many stages. It is considered as a very simple art, starting form the spinning animals' wool to produce strings by sinning machine. Thereafter, the Rug Basting Machine comes.

Spinning Machine: It is a small woody machine. It has a circular shape, a stick at the middle and aperture at the bottom.  The craftsman has to move that machines circularly to get the wool as strings from the bottom of the machine.

Rug Basting Machine: It is a rectangle woody machine seams like a bed, but it is longer. The first step of the craftsman is collimation in which the wide strings putting at the beginning, then putting Gadlah strings. Al-Habkah (knitting), thereafter, by which the craftsman can control the size of the tapis.

The craftsman uses a separated piece of wood between strings to help him to arrange and pave them. The tapis adorn by carving. Tapis basting is taking two days or more according to the kind and size of the tapis, comparing with the rudimental machine.

This kind of basting is widespread at (Al-Deraihimi, Al-hook, Bait Al-Faqeeh, Mandhar, Zabeed, and Al- Marawea'a) and other villages and areas in Al-Hodeidah.

Basting Clothes: Like Alhezam (bell), Alma'waz, Almaqtab…etc.

Generally, basting is like other old Yemeni handcrafts, it was connected with the family. There are many families specialized with basting clothes. But the countryside inhabitants specialized with rug basting. However, Bell basting is the most kind required, because it has beautiful carving and poise strings.

Basting clothes were inside the houses of craftsmen. But Rug basting usually was outside houses, because of the large size of the machines. Therefore, black and white strings usually were used in rug basting.
Al-khuce Manufacture (palms' leaves manufacture):

It is one of the most important handcrafts widespread in Tahamah, especially in Al-khoukha, Zabeed, Al-duraimi, Al-Hodeidah, other tourist areas and where the palms are.

Al-khuce Manufacture is very precision, beautiful and perfect. It has a lot of products that were necessary for life in the past. Al-khuce Manufacture still one of the traditional handcrafts, it also called palms or palms' leaves manufacture.

Scientific Definition of Al-khuce: Vegetarianism textile manufacture.

Tools: Hands, teeth, knife, needle, awl which work as needle and other tools like scissors, water container to inundate palms' leaves.

A lot of kinds of products produced from Al-Khuce (Palms' leaves) according to its place in the palm, like: baskets, dinning mat are produced from the middle. Mat, big baskets, sweepers are produced from the green. And cages and chairs are produced from the new leaves.

Kinds of Al-khuce: The first kind is from palms leaves which are long and hard. These leaves put in water to be witty that make it easy to be shaped.

Coloring Al-khuce: The process of coloring Al-khuce is by natural colors that available in spices shops.

Coloring process starts in a big utensil full of the required color, then putting Al-khuce for five minutes, after that it must be putting on the shadow. But the white Al-khuce gets the white color (turns from green to white) because it comes under the sun rays.

At the time of coloring Al-khuce, it must be putting in the water to be soft, either the Al-khuce with color or not. Because it makes it easy to be shaped and the art start with making a perfect wide and long Gadeellah with harmonious colors. To finish shaping Al-khuce, a long needle with black wool string must be used for decorating.

Most of Al-khuce handcrafts are spread in Tahamah marks, Bait Al-Faqeeh market, Hais, Al-Zaidya, Al-Jarahi – Al-Sowaiq, Al-Marawa'a, Al-Miglaf and other popular markets which became opened museums seven days a week.

Kinds of Al-khuce products:

- Al-Haseer: It's like a carpet putting on the ground; it has different kinds and shapes.

- Al-Selal (baskets): Generally have circular shapes and something deep; it has different sizes and use for transport the dried dates or saving clothes.

- Al-Jeeb: It uses for saving food away from insects and dust.

- Al-Mowhafa: It's like a fan.

- Al-Mashap: It has a small circular shape and size uses to blow the fire specially during baking or fanning the food.

- Huzba: It has circular shape like modern dishes in depth. It uses for saving dried dates and transport it from place to another.

- Al-Shmasia: It is a big circular hat. It puts on the head for protect from sun ray.

- Al-Masrafa: It uses as dinning mat. Also there is (Al-Mahgan) has the circular shape uses for drying dates and pimples.

- Al-Baharia: A baby cradle and its different strings. Also there are circular boxes have different shapes which use for birds and chickens.

There are also many goods produce from Al-khuce for different uses as to keep clothes and stuffs, to serve or keep dates.. etc. Also, prayer carpet made from Al-khuce with white color.

Making of Black and White Frankincense:  

There are two kinds of frankincense (the black one and the white one) each kind has two types: wedding frankincense – ordinary frankincense.

Black Frankincense: Consist of (Aloes wood, Ambergris, Al-Dhofr, Misk of Ambergris, Sugar or Plant sugar, collected Crude Perfume, Water or Rosewater, Gall oak, Cardamom and Carnation).

White Frankincense: The same contents of black frankincense but the color are bright, because at the time of preparation the mixture of water and sugar doesn’t reach yellow color.

Preparation: First of all you have to pound (the Gall oak) in a mortar till become fragments or powder as well as (Aloes Wood, Al-Dhofr, Misk …etc.). Second, Mix water with some sugar then put them on fire until the sugar mixed with water and changes to sticky. Third, add frankincense seasoning which is Aloes wood, Ambergris, Al-Dhofr, and Misk of Ambergris. Forth, Move the mixture on a stilly fire. At last add the collected crude perfume before hold fire. Prepare matrixes with collected perfumes and putting frankincense in it. Leave it in the matrixes till freeze, then divide them and put the frankincense in small utensils to be ready for use.

Ordinary or Wedding Frankincense: Wedding frankincense is made especially for weddings that the seasoning is more and expensive, like: a perfect Aloes wood, expenses perfumes, rosewater and plant sugar. But in the ordinary frankincense, the seasoning will be from the second class, and not expensive, little quantity. Also water and sugar well be used.

Al-akhaddrin Industry (Making of Alakhdarain):

The contents of Alakhdarain are: Fruit of Black Mehlab, White Mehlab, Spice of Perfume, Ozzab, Walnut, Carnation and Cardamoms. The compound of these things called "Al-Dareerah Seasoning".

Preparation: Firstly, Pound the fruit till become powder, and then sift it by sifter. Secondly, add the other contents after pound them. Thirdly, put the mixture inside a big pot with a perfect cover. Fourthly, put a small utensil inside the big pot which contains the mixture. After that, bring a small firebrand and put it inside the small utensil, and at the same time put some incense of Aloes Wood, Al-Dhofr with adding crude perfume mixture. Finally, divide this mixture and put it in small utensils. Thus, Alakhdarain becomes ready for use.

But if we add to Al-Dareerah a little perfume like powder perfume or Babohenda, then mixed as well, it will be ready for use after putting it in bottles. It is better for woman's body before frankincense.

Alakhdarain's making is deferred from area to another or from maker to another according to skills of the maker.

Al-tayeb Industry (Making of Perfume):
Perfume contents are like Alakhdarain's contents.

Preparation: Al-Dareerah mixed with rosewater and added little perfumes like powder perfume or Babohenda, then it makes like small balls putted on nylon papers tied on the top. At the time of use it opens to take the required quantity by finger. Then add some perfume and put it on the body or behind the ear.

Perfume's making is deferred from area to another or from maker to another according to skills of the maker.

 

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